Table of Contents
Introduction
Data Sources
Background and Definitions
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- Sustainable development
- Sustainable tourism
- Responsible tourism
- Ecotourism
- Community-based ecotourism
- Cultural heritage tourism
- The three pillars of sustainable tourism
- Environment
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- Figure 1: Major environmental impacts of tourism
- Biodiversity
- Climate change
- Socio-cultural
- Economic
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- Figure 2: The scale of international tourism to developing countries, some key figures
Organisations and Initiatives
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- World Tourism Organization
- Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
- ‘Sustainable Tourism – Eliminating Poverty’ initiative (ST-EP)
- Sustainable Development of Tourism
- World Travel and Tourism Council’s Blueprint for New Tourism
- United Nations Environment Programme
- World Wide Fund For Nature UK (WWF-UK)
- The International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF)
- International Hotels Environment Initiative (IHEI)
- Youth Career Initiative (YCI)
- International Tourism Partnership (ITP)
- Tourism Concern
- Fair Trade in Tourism Network
- Campaigns
- The Travel Foundation
- Federation of Tour Operators
- Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) Partnership
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- Figure 3: Changes in arrivals and expenditure between 1990 and 2000, by country group
- Figure 4: The top 20 DAC (Development Co-operation Directorate) countries in terms of international arrivals
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- Figure 5: The 20 fastest growing DAC countries in terms of international arrivals
- Figure 6: Significant developing country destinations by tourism receipts, 1999
- Small island states
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- Figure 7: Developing countries ranked according to the percentage contribution of the tourism economy to GDP
- Poverty alleviation
Industry Sectors
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- Supply chain engagement
- Tour Operator’s Initiative
- Integrating sustainability into business
- The benefits of sustainability
- Issues in supply chain management
- Sustainability issues in accommodation
- Sustainability issues in the marine recreation sector
- Accommodation Preferred Code of Practice
- Operator support for sustainable tourism
- Association of Independent Operators
- Responsible tourism guidelines
Case Study: Exodus
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- Exodus’ Responsible Tourism Policy
- Mission Statement
- Code of Practice
- Benefits
Hotels Environment Action Month
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- Practical environmental initiatives
- Recycling
- Tree-planting
- Energy saving
- National and global environmental programmes
- Environmental awareness and training
- Aviation
Consumer Demand for Sustainable Tourism
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- Package holidays
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- Figure 8: Key extracts from the ABT/MORI 2002 survey
Eco and Ethical Tourism
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- Figure 9: What makes a holiday enjoyable
- Figure 10: Holidaymakers and ethical issues
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- Figure 11: Four cluster groups as identified by Mintel
- Responsible tourism
- Wanderlust Reader Survey
- Tearfund: Report
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- Figure 12: If you were going on an overseas holiday, what type of information would you want to have concerning your holiday?
- Figure 13: Who do you think has the responsibility to provide this information?
- Conclusion
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Sustainable Tourism Ecolabels
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- Europe – Voluntary Initiatives for Sustainability in Tourism (VISIT)
- Green Travel Market
- Tour-Link
- Green Globe 21
- Mohonk Agreement
- Sustainable Tourism Certification Network
- Caribbean Alliance for Sustainable Tourism
- Costa Rica Certificate for Sustainable Tourism
- Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa
Awards
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- Responsible Tourism Awards
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- Figure 14: Winners of the Responsible Tourism Awards, 2004
- Tourism for Tomorrow Awards
- Winners
- Highly commended
- World Legacy Awards
Outlook
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